DESENTRALISASI DAN OTONOMI KHUSUS: DINAMIKA SISTEM POLITIK INDONESIA DI MERAUKE
Keywords:
Desentralisasi, Otonomi Khusus, Sistem PolitikAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dinamika sistem politik di Kabupaten Merauke dalam konteks desentralisasi dan Otonomi Khusus (Otsus), dengan menyoroti peran aktor politik lokal, relasi kekuasaan, serta partisipasi masyarakat dalam tata kelola pemerintahan daerah. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis, yang memungkinkan eksplorasi mendalam mengenai makna, persepsi, dan interaksi sosial dalam sistem politik lokal. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pejabat pemerintah, anggota DPRD, tokoh adat, dan aktivis lokal, serta melalui observasi partisipatif dan studi dokumentasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desentralisasi dan Otsus telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam struktur politik di Merauke, namun implementasinya masih menghadapi tantangan, terutama dalam aspek distribusi kekuasaan dan partisipasi masyarakat. Meskipun Otsus bertujuan untuk memperkuat peran masyarakat adat dalam pemerintahan, masih terdapat ketimpangan akses terhadap pengambilan keputusan politik, yang lebih didominasi oleh elit lokal. Partisipasi masyarakat juga terbatas akibat kurangnya pendidikan politik dan transparansi kebijakan. Selain itu, pengelolaan dana Otsus masih menghadapi kendala dalam akuntabilitas, yang berdampak pada ketimpangan pembangunan dan potensi ketidakstabilan sosial.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa efektivitas Otsus sangat bergantung pada keseimbangan antara desentralisasi politik dan pemberdayaan masyarakat lokal. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan reformasi dalam tata kelola pemerintahan daerah, peningkatan transparansi anggaran, serta penguatan partisipasi masyarakat adat dalam proses politik dan pembangunan. Dengan langkah-langkah strategis ini, diharapkan Otsus dapat berkontribusi lebih optimal dalam menciptakan sistem politik yang lebih inklusif dan berkeadilan di Merauke.
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