PENGARUH REGULASI PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN PLATFROM E-BUSINESS DI NEGARA BERKEMBANG
Keywords:
Regulasi Pemerintah, Pertumbuhan E-Business, Negara BerkembangAbstract
Regulasi pemerintah merupakan faktor krusial dalam pertumbuhan platform e-business di negara berkembang, namun dampaknya bergantung pada desain, fleksibilitas, dan konteks implementasi. Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan antara kualitas regulasi pemerintah dan pertumbuhan platform e-business di 15 negara berkembang di Asia dan Afrika (2015–2022) menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi panel data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa regulasi progresif (misalnya perizinan adaptif dan kerangka perlindungan konsumen berbasis risiko) berkorelasi positif signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan jumlah platform (β = 0,32; p < 0,01) dan volume transaksi. Namun, regulasi berlebihan seperti persyaratan lisensi kompleks dan pembatasan aliran data justru menghambat pertumbuhan hingga 15%, terutama di negara seperti Nigeria dan Mesir. Temuan juga mengungkap peran moderasi infrastruktur digital (penetrasi internet) dan literasi digital dalam memperkuat dampak positif regulasi. Studi ini merekomendasikan pendekatan regulasi bertahap (stage-based regulation) yang memprioritaskan kolaborasi pemerintah-swasta dan penyesuaian konteks lokal, selaras dengan temuan OECD (2021) tentang kebijakan digital inklusif. Implikasi kebijakan menekankan perlunya keseimbangan antara insentif inovasi dan perlindungan konsumen untuk menciptakan ekosistem e-business yang berkelanjutan.
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