Tinjauan Fenomena Apatisme Sosial Merespons Sindrom Kelelahan Informasi Akibat Hoaks Kecerdasan Buatan
Keywords:
apatisme sosial, hoaks kecerdasan buatan, information overloadAbstract
Perkembangan kecerdasan buatan, khususnya teknologi deepfake dan generative artificial intelligence, telah mengubah karakter hoaks digital karena konten palsu dapat diproduksi secara masif, cepat, murah, personal, dan semakin menyerupai informasi autentik. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji hubungan antara hoaks berbasis kecerdasan buatan, information overload, sindrom kelelahan informasi, penghindaran berita, sinisme politik, dan apatisme sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan literatur sistematis dengan sintesis tematik. Literatur yang relevan diidentifikasi, diseleksi, dan dianalisis melalui pengelompokan temuan lintas disiplin dalam bidang teknologi informasi, psikologi kognitif, perilaku media, dan partisipasi sosial. Pembahasan mengidentifikasi empat klaster konseptual, yaitu evolusi hoaks berbasis kecerdasan buatan, beban kognitif dan pembentukan sindrom kelelahan informasi, penghindaran berita dan apatisme sosial sebagai mekanisme koping, serta implikasi sosial-politik dan strategi mitigasi multidimensi. Paparan berulang terhadap hoaks artificial intelligence (AI) dapat melampaui kapasitas kognitif pengguna, sehingga memicu stres, kejenuhan, kecemasan, dan kelumpuhan analitik dalam menilai kredibilitas informasi. Sebagai mekanisme koping, individu dapat menghindari berita dan menarik diri dari diskursus publik. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa apatisme sosial tidak semata-mata merupakan kemalasan intelektual, tetapi respons adaptif terhadap ekosistem informasi yang manipulatif dan tidak tepercaya. Upaya mitigasi perlu mencakup deteksi teknis, reformasi desain platform, literasi digital kritis, regulasi adaptif, dan pemulihan kepercayaan publik.
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