PERANAN DAN DAMPAK GREEN BANKING DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KEUANGAN BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA
Keywords:
green banking, keuangan berkelanjutan, ESGAbstract
Green banking merupakan respons terhadap tuntutan global untuk mengintegrasikan prinsip lingkungan, sosial, dan tata kelola (ESG) dalam praktik perbankan. Di Indonesia, konsep ini menjadi kunci dalam mendukung target Net-Zero Emissions 2060 dan Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (SDGs). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas kebijakan OJK serta dampak ekonomi-sosial green banking dalam mewujudkan keuangan berkelanjutan. Metode campuran (kualitatif-kuantitatif) digunakan dengan data primer (kuesioner 150 perwakilan bank, wawancara) dan sekunder (laporan keberlanjutan, dokumen OJK). Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pembiayaan hijau rata-rata 25% per tahun (2018–2023), terutama di sektor energi terbarukan (45%) dan pertanian berkelanjutan (30%). Implementasi ESG meningkatkan kinerja keuangan bank, seperti kenaikan Return on Equity (ROE) (β = 0,42) dan penurunan NPL hijau 1,8%. Di sisi lingkungan, green banking berkontribusi mengurangi emisi karbon sebesar 2,3 juta ton CO2 (2022). Namun, tantangan utama meliputi regulasi tidak konsisten, rendahnya literasi nasabah (65% tidak pahami green loan), dan keterbatasan data lingkungan. Studi ini merekomendasikan penguatan insentif fiskal, edukasi nasabah, adopsi standar global (TCFD), serta kolaborasi multistakeholder. Temuan memperkuat peran green banking dalam transisi keuangan berkelanjutan, sekaligus menyoroti urgensi sinergi kebijakan, teknologi, dan kapasitas institusi untuk optimalisasi dampak di Indonesia
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